How is cotton seed oil made in large scale cottonseed oil pressing plant?

Cottonseed oil pressing is a carefully orchestrated industrial journey that converts raw cottonseeds into edible oil through specialized equipment. Large scale cottonseed oil pressing plants need pretreatment equipment and pressing equipment to produce cottonseed oil. The pretreatment equipment adjusts the temperature, moisture and internal structure of the cottonseed to make the cottonseed reach a good condition before pressing, making it easier to extract more oil in the pressing process. Below we will explain in detail how is cotton seed oil made in large scale cottonseed oil pressing plant, including cleaning, hulling, kernel-shell separating, flaking, cooking, pressing, filtering and other steps.

The first critical step of cottonseed oil pressing involves air separators, which are specifically designed to clean cottonseeds. This equipment uses airflow and gravity to separate lightweight impurities like dust, lint, and plant debris from heavier seeds. Traditional cleaning equipment often clogs due to the clinging linters, but air separators efficiently remove both light and heavy contaminants without interruption.

Once cleaned, the cottonseeds move to hulling equipment to crack their tough outer shells. Complete shell removal is impractical, as residual hulls (around 5–10%) are intentionally retained. These hulls act as natural spacers during cottonseed oil pressing, increasing pressure within the equipment and boosting cottonseed oil yield.

The hulled seeds, now a mix of kernels and residual shells, pass through a rotary screen to further separate shell fragments from the oil-rich kernels. The kernels then enter a flaking equipment, where they are rolled into thin flakes to rupture cell walls and expose oil droplets. These flakes are transferred to a cooking kettle for steam conditioning, which adjusts moisture levels and temperature, softening the material for optimal oil extraction.

Cotton seed oil mechanical pressing line(20-50tpd)

The next important step is cottonseed oil pressing . The conditioned flakes are fed into screw presses, where immense mechanical pressure squeezes out crude oil. This step produces two outputs: crude cottonseed oil and a protein-dense residue called cake, which is later used for animal feed. The crude oil undergoes filtration to remove solid particles, resulting in “raw oil” ready for refining.

However, raw cottonseed oil contains harmful compounds like gossypol, a toxic pigment, and phospholipids that affect clarity and stability. To address this, the oil undergoes winterization, a chilling process that crystallizes and removes phospholipids. The final step in producing cottonseed oil in large cottonseed oil pressing plants is refining. Further refining steps—such as degumming, neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization—eliminate gossypol, free fatty acids, and odors, ensuring the oil is safe for human consumption.

Of course, Henan Glory's complete set of cottonseed oil pressing equipment is not fixed. Engineers can add or delete some equipment according to your needs to form a set of cottonseed oil pressing equipment configuration solutions that will satisfy you. Modern cotton seed oil made in large scale cottonseed oil pressing plant emphasizes efficiency and safety. Innovations like automated air separators and precision-controlled screw presses minimize waste and energy use. Crucially, the retention of partial hulls during pressing and the integration of winterization reflect a balance between maximizing yield and ensuring product quality. From air separation to final refining, each stage of the machinery’s design addresses the unique challenges posed by cottonseeds, transforming an agricultural byproduct into a versatile oil used in cooking, cosmetics, and industrial applications worldwide.